Prison Overcrowding in the United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Prison Overcrowding in the United States - Essay ExampleThis has led into inmates being forced into impolite dormitories and double-bunking in a single cell. Many critics have termed such overcrowding as dehumanizing and degrading for inmates. It is also conflicting to the present punitive reforms that emphasize on maximizing the opportunities that are available to inmates (Farrington 222).The United States reports the highest number of immurement rate in the world. At the end of the year 2009, the incarceration rate was 743 adults per 100,000 commonwealth. U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics quotes that 2,266,800 people were incarcerated in the US state, federal and county jails by the end of 2010. This is approximately 0.7% of the US adult resident population. In addition, there were 4,933,667 adults by the end of 2009, who were on parole or probation. Therefore, the get number of adults under correctional supervision totals to 7,225,800. This is approximately 3% of the total p opulation of US adults (U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics).The number of insubstantial detentions was 86, 927 in 2007. Despite this increased numbers, the crime place have been shown to be on the decrease. 70% of prisoners in the US are non-white. The states with the highest ratio of incarceration include Louisiana, Oklahoma and Mississippi. Approximately 90% of the inmates comprise males. The total number of foreign prisoners is estimated at 6% (U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics).There are several causes of this pertinent issue. There has been an increase on the number of offenders that are sent to prison. This can be attributed to high rates of recidivism, which have been on the rise. There has been an increased rate of offenders that return to prison for unsuccessfully completing or violating community supervision. The increased number of offenders can also be attributed to new criminal offences that have been added to the penal code. Certain types of offenses have harsher pe nalties resulting in

The Nature of Innovation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Nature of Innovation - Essay ExampleThe regulations on the yield of patent rights, government procurement, research, and development, established innovation as a continuous organized activity of product line rather than a random foray into intermittent flashes of creativity. Today, it is more than an industrial undertaking it is, rather, a precession in national, and international, economic development.Probably the first cogent definition of innovation is that advanced by Schumpeter (1938, pp. 63-66) as falling into one of five forms, namely (1) product innovation, or new products from the viewpoint of consumers (2) process innovation, involving every new methods of production or new ways of managing the distribution and flow of commodities (3) new markets opened up (4) new sources of raw materials or intermediate goods and (5) new organisation of an industrys competitive structure. concord to Schumpeter, these five forms all involve the transformation process attendant to in novation because they lead to creative ending - that is, old forms are destroyed and new ones emerge to take their place. Other authors tend to categorize differently although generally along the same lines for instance, the more recent study of Frame and White (2004) classifies innovation into intravenous feeding categories new products, new services, new processes, and new organizational forms.Of special interest in this discussion is that interface between technological and financial innovation, and how the product of this fusion is used in the advancement of economic activity. sequence the term technological innovation has been so commonly understood as to be almost a redundancy, the concept of financial innovation is still unfamiliar to many and nebulous to many more. The terms import could be deduced from the primary function of finance, which is the facilitation of the allocation and deployment of economic resources in an uncertain environment.

Contemporary Management Practice (with IT focus) - Assignment 2 Essay

Contemporary Management Practice (with IT focus) - date 2 - Essay Exampleadvantage over others by gaining markets and customers, organisational managers must now deeply cultivation complex scenarios and technology as well as technology change to allocate organisational resources in a strategic manner. This essay presents a discussion ab forth the impact of technology on the way in which organisations are now managed.I certify that, except where cited in the text, this work is the result of research carried out by the author of this study. The main content of the study which has been presented contains work that has not previously been reported anywhere. in spite of appearance the recent past, the practice of oversight has undergone a change which was brought about as a result of incisive competition, globalisation and developments in technology including information technology, e-commerce and the Internet etc (Tassabehji, 2007, Pp. 15). Computing power that was made available as a result of advances in technology on a broad front made it practicable for managers to use tools of corporate finance and capital market analysis as well as management information systems and decision support systems to assist them to make better and more informed decisions (Kochan, 2003, Chapter 1). Computer mold based on operations research and statistics became an important tool for the modelling of complex situations to provide a feel for the human decision makers. Database technology enabled organisations to maintain, process and to rapidly access huge quantities of data that was of amour to organisations. It is now necessary to manage technology and the process of technology innovation, with work taking on a new meaning and management-employee relations being guided on the basis of principles of economics and behavioural science. intimacy management is now important and the rapidly escalating prices of energy and food pose new challenges for business.Technology is now sai d to be moving towards a convergence of information science, life science and nanotechnology.

How will climate change affect National Grid(UK) and how they do PowerPoint Presentation

How will mode change affect National Grid(UK) and how they do business - PowerPoint Presentation ExampleOn the other hand, it is suggested by Koomey et al. (1997, 1) that the common perception among many policy makers and industry leaders is that the twin objectives of reducing greenhouse gasoline emissions and promoting a more competitive economy are inherently contradictory. Many efforts have been make by the states globally in order to create a mutually accepted plan for the decrease of greenhouse emissions however this plan has faced significant oppositions mostly because it is against of the interests of specific parts of the population at heart each country globally gas emissions and pollution in general seem to serve the interests of a specific group of people who ignore the effect of increased industrial activity on a continuous basis and promote personal interests even if they are related with severe damages on modality worldwide. Current paper focuses on the activitie s of National Grid, an international electricity and gas company and one and only(a) of the largest investor-owned energy companies in the world (corporate website) in terms of their relationship with the climate changes globally. More specifically, the effects of climate changes in the international context are being identified and evaluated trying to locate the relationship among the devoteds activities and the climate change as they can be observed in the firms daily operations specifically in Britain.Climate has changed dramatically in all regions approximately the world. One of the main reasons for this change has been considered to be the extremely high percentage of carbon dioxide released by industries, households and a wide range of other sources (e.g. automobiles, fires and so on). Regarding this issue, it has been found by Marland et al. (2007) that since 1751 roughly 315 billion tons of carbon have been released to the atmosphere from

The Renowned Case of Marbury vs Madison Assignment

The Renowned Case of Marbury vs capital of Wisconsin - Assignment ExampleMoreover, it in addition evaluates the decision of buns Marshall, the Chief Justice of the US Supreme homage regarding the cutting. The evaluation of this would lead to an understanding of the loopholes in the US legal System and improve the US Judicial System.In the slick of Marbury v. capital of Wisconsin, there were certain issues that were presented to the court. In this regard, it is observed that the major issue raised was the safe of Marbury to serve as the Justice of Peace after being appointed to the same post. Moreover, in this regard, encourage issues are also presented regarding the infringement of Marburys right. Alongside, issues relevant to deal with such circumstances are also illustrated (FindLaw, 2015).The case of Marbury v. Madison had led to the cheek of the Article III of the US constitution. The Article III suggests of the establishment of the Judicial Branches in the US Judicial System. Moreover, the case also suggests of the presence of James Madison, who had been the Secretary of utter of the United States. Moreover, it is also important to note that the judgement of the case was drawn under John Marshall. John Marshall had been the Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court during the period of the case (FindLaw, 2015).The case of Marbury v. Madison began when William Marbury on 2nd March 1801was appointed as the Justice of the Peace in capital of South Carolina partition in the US. During that period, it was the last days of John Adam as the President of the nation. Several others were also appointed in different posts, but their commission was not provided. The discontented candidates in this regard filed a case against the Congress (FindLaw, 2015).Marbury v. Madison case is based on the Judicial Review of the Article III of the US constitution. The decision of the Supreme Court regarding the case distinguished and defined the boundary between the executi ves and the judiciary branches (FindLaw, 2015).The case of Marbury v. Madison began when William Marbury on 2nd March 1801was appointed as the Justice of the Peace in Columbia District in the US.

Constructivism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Constructivism - Essay ExampleThey all talk of identities and interests in world politics. They believe that for some levels of predictability and orders to be in place in the international politics and municipal society, and then identities must be present. The domain must have some intersubjective identities that are sufficiently steadfast so as to bring some patterns of behavior that are more predictable. They believe that the absence of identity in the world can trigger chaos, pervasive and irremediable uncertainty and the world can be more dangerous compared to anarchy. The importance of the identity is that it implies the states preference and consequent actions. They believe that the states understanding of others can improve according to the identities it attributes to them. Also when the state produces its own identity by the daily hearty practice. Ted Hopf contrary to the other authors who believe that the change in the world politics is so easy. He appreciates the po wer of structures and believes that actors through ordinary practice are able to produce their own constraints. This in turn strengthens the world politics. He also admit that there can be some cortege for dynamism, though minimal. Therefore by viewing the kind between the social grounds and agency, he admits that social change is both possible and difficult. These differences are existing due to the differences in their view of the social relationship between the agency and social change. The two factors play a major fundamental role.

Orem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Orem - Essay ExampleHe also reports a consistent iciness on his feet and a sore on his foot that has refused to heel, factors that forces him to wear protective socks. He further reports casual passing out but maintains that he is fine.Mr. Freds significant problem that calls for healthcare attention is the non better sore on his foot. This is because even though the tolerant acknowledges presence of the sores, and the fact that the sores do not contend a possibility of healing, Fred is still not willing to seek medication. The scandalize is not healing because of the patients high blood sugar level that facilitates growth of bacteria and it is enhanced by despicable circulation.The most applicable theory to the case is the Orem Self Care Deficit, theory that integrates theory of egotism care, self care deficit theory, and theory of nursing systems and seeks to empower patients to meet their healthcare contains with little or no assistance from healthcare personnel (Zaccagni ni and White, p. 19 Kumar, p. 104- 106).The Orem theory is applicable to the case that identifies Mr. Freds self-care deficiency, a factors that prolongs the wound (Nlm, p. 1). I would apply the theory by bridging the care gap to identify practices that would enhance the wounds healing. I would use my skills as an educator to convince Fred of the need for medication and specialists advice on how to screw the wound. These would facilitate self-efficiency and self-reliance in his care initiatives (Nlm, p. 1).Application of the theory to the case is supported by be literature that identifies its ability to promote self-care among patients. Easoms exploration of efficiency and its associated barriers among adults self-care efforts for example identifies the need to break the barriers and promote self reliance as provided for by the theory, an approach that Fred really needs. The authors review of research findings

Managing In golbal market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Managing In golbal marketplace - Essay ExampleThis internationalisation strategy report identifies two viable markets for entry, Kuwait and Brazil. In Kuwait, consumers are experiencing increased disposable income levels and consumer behaviour factors represent favourable conditions for consumer acceptance of Taco chime and its diverse produce lines. Brazil maintains stable economic conditions and also encouraging consumer behaviour which can enhance Taco Bells ability to improve its internationally-based revenue stream. With the chains intention of opening one rude(a) store, internationally, every few days (Wong 2014), Brazil and Kuwait can ensure this goal is achieved and market conditions in these two countries represent stability upon market entry.This strategy report utilises m both strategic models to analyse market conditions in Brazil and Kuwait as viable markets for the chains growth. The reports deliverables acknowledge a full understanding of the political, economi c and social factors of both markets, the competitive environment, and specific strategic initiatives that mustiness be established to make market entry a success and ensure profit longevity. The threats and risks in both markets are also identified that might contribute to challenges upon market entry with appropriate recommendations for overcoming any barriers to entering both markets.The Kuwaiti government recognises the opportunities for attracting foreign investment. Recently, Kuwait has established a Free dispense Zone in the city of Shuwaikh, a region closely adjacent to the Iran border, a region sustaining an of the essence(p) international airport, and sustaining a shipping port that facilitates recurring movement of goods via water transport systems. This Free mountain Zone provides foreign companies with complete tax exemption on earnings for 10 years upon market entry (Singh 2010). Hence, the endeavours of the Kuwaiti government to entice foreign investment provide T aco

Intro & Conclusion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Intro & shutdown - Essay ExampleAn estimate taken in 2006 on the consumption of gasoline and diesel by commercial trucks was a staggering 54 billion gallons.The American Trucking Association (ATA) has always been beneath great scrutiny in the field of research and technology in order to reduce the hazards veneering this massive industry. With great support from its intermodal conference, the ATA are making all efforts to bring rough a more than safer trucking industry through their various programs like the Clean Trucks Program and others. The trucking industry has withal committed itself in taking drastic steps towards reducing the consumption of fuel by round 86 gallons, thereby lessening the carbon footprint of its vehicles by approximately a billion loads n its agenda for the following 10 years. The ATA also proposes to provide a safer and cleaner environment for its 8.7 employees in its industry by implementing innovative methods that have undergone tried and tested rese arch especially in the areas of skill and fuel conservation, fuel consumption, rules for air pollution, fuel standards, disposal of waste products, standards for vehicle emission and improvements in nil efficiency. The ATA is also striving to find solutions to the various challenges that face them regarding the Traffic policy of the Government and to bring about a more pleasant and harmonious working experience in its trucking